英文中如何判断语序？

发布网友 发布时间：2022-04-20 08:42

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热心网友 时间：2023-06-30 09:59

所谓语序，就是句子的结构顺序，句子复杂了，语序的作用就体现出来的 最基础的句子语序如下， 一、跟在及物动词后的由连接副词或连接代词how，when，where，why，who，which，whom， what，whose以及whether，if 引导的宾语从句要用陈述句语序，即主语、谓语不必颠倒。例如： I can't describe what I felt at that moment． Could you tell me why many writers are not fully appreciated until long after they die？ 二、在以think，believe，suppose，expect等动词引起的宾语从句中，尽管从句表示否定意义，一般却是通过否定主句的谓语动词来否定从句。例如： Don't expect that he will come here in time next Sunday． I don't believe that they could finish the work within this week． 三、由as引导的让步状语从句，常常用部分倒装。例如： Young as he is，he is excellent in his work． Poor health as she has，she insists on working hard in her post． 四、句首为带有否定意义的词或词组时，常用部分倒装。 这类词或词组有：hardly，little，never，not until，no sooner，at no time，by no means，in／ under no circumstances，in vain，no longer，not often等。例如： Under no circumstances should we do anything that will benefit ourselves but harm the interests of the state． Not only is he a talented president of a university，but also he is open-minded． 否定副词如果放在句首只是限定主语而非修饰全句，则句子不必倒装。例如： No survivor has yet been found． 五、有些表示程度的副词或短语作状语而又置于句首时，句子用部分倒装表示强调。这类词或词组有：so．．．that，to such an extent，to such a degree，to such extremes等。例如： So hard does she study that all her teachers like her． So late was he for the class that the teacher criticized him． 六、句首为“only ＋状语”时，常用部分倒装。例如： Only by changing your working style can you be accepted by your colleagues． Only then did I realize how childish I was in hoping him to change his habit． 七、在比较和方式状语从句中，如果主语不是人称代词，常可在主语前添加助动词或系动词代替前面出现过的动词，形成一种部分倒装的形式。例如： The standard of living of the people in our country now is much higher than was the case ten years ago． I spent more time on practicing my oral English than did most of my classmates when I was at college． 八、在含虚拟语气的条件句中，如果if被省略，那么were，had或should要移至主语之前。例如： Were there no gravity，there would be no air around the earth． Should anyone come to our home to sell things，don't let him ／her in． 另外，在一些感叹句和某些表示祝愿的句子里，已形成一种固定结构的倒装表达法。例如： How wonderful is the fashion show！ Long live our friendship！ 九、hardly，barely，scarcely和when连用以及no sooner和than连用时，形成固定的倒装结构，表示一件事紧接着另一件事发生，意为“一……就……”。在时态上，主句一般用过去完成时，而从句用过去时。例如： Scarcely had I left home for school，when it began to rain heavily． Hardly had I put down the phone，when the phone rang again． No sooner had the result of the appointment of some leader positions turned out，than came some rejections．